Pharmacogenetics is an important example of the field of precision medicine, which aims to tailor medical treatment to each person or to a group of people. Pharmacogenomics looks at how your DNA affects the way you respond to drugs.
Genetic and functional approaches are the two main ones used in identification of genes that, when mutated, cause disease. In genetic approaches to the study of hereditary disease, genetic mapping methods are employed to identify the position within the human genome of a genetic factor influencing development of a disorder.
Diagnosis of infectious diseases by using PCR involves target amplification methods. Unlike phenotypic characteristics that may be variable, molecular amplification methods take advantage of the use of stable genotypic characteristics.